Warning! Bleed the brake system wearing protective glasses. If brake fluid accidentally gets into your eyes, rinse them immediately with plenty of water and seek medical help!
1. Bleeding of the hydraulic system is performed to remove air from it that gets into the tract when servicing the brake mechanisms, replacing hydraulic lines or the brake master cylinder, and also when the fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir drops below the minimum permissible value. If air gets into the system due to a drop in the fluid level in the brake master cylinder reservoir, or when disconnecting the brake lines from the brake master cylinder, the brake mechanisms of all four wheels must be bled.
2. When disconnecting the hydraulic lines from any of the calipers/wheel cylinders, it will be sufficient to bleed only that specific brake mechanism.
3. If the brake line was disconnected from the nipple located between the brake master cylinder and one of the brake mechanisms, only this part of the brake circuit is bled.
4. Each brake mechanism is bled individually. You should start with the mechanism that is the farthest (along the length of the hydraulic circuit) from the brake master cylinder. The procedure for performing a complete bleeding of the brake system is shown in the illustrations.
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5. Press the foot brake pedal several times with the engine off to relieve any residual vacuum in the brake booster.
6. After thoroughly wiping, remove the cap from the brake master cylinder reservoir, add fresh fluid to the reservoir if necessary, then place polyethylene under the cap and screw it back into place.
Note: Do not forget to regularly check the fluid level in the reservoir during bleeding. An excessive drop in the level may result in air entering the master cylinder, which will nullify all efforts and will entail the need to bleed the entire brake system.
7. With the help of an assistant, have a supply of fresh brake fluid, a clear container partially filled with hydraulic fluid, a length of plastic hose that fits snugly over the bleeder valve, and a suitable open-end/box wrench for loosening/tightening the valves.
8. The bleed valve for disc brakes is located directly on the caliper body, and for drum brakes - on the rear side of the brake shield.
9. After thoroughly wiping, remove the protective cap and slightly loosen the brake bleed valve of the corresponding wheel, then tighten it again so that it can be released easily and quickly during the procedure.
10. Attach a suitable plastic or rubber hose to the valve, and lower the other end into a transparent container partially filled with clean brake fluid. The end of the hose should be completely immersed in the fluid.
11. Ask an assistant to slowly depress the foot brake pedal several times, thereby increasing the pressure in the system.
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12. With the brake pedal locked in the lower position, open the bleeder valve just enough to start forcing brake fluid out of it. Watch the fluid coming out of the hose. After a few seconds, when the pressure weakens, close the valve and allow the assistant to release the pedal.
13. Repeat the procedures of the last two paragraphs until the fluid starts to flow out of the valve free of air bubbles, then move on to the brake mechanism of the left rear wheel. Proceed in a similar manner to bleed the mechanisms of the remaining wheels of the car.
Attention! Always make sure that the fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir does not drop too low!
14. Never add old brake fluid to the reservoir - it is highly hygroscopic and over time absorbs a lot of moisture, which leads to a drop in its boiling point and, as a result, to a decrease in braking efficiency. In addition, the presence of moisture in the hydraulic system contributes to accelerated aging of the material of flexible brake hoses.
15. After bleeding is complete, add fresh brake fluid to the master cylinder reservoir, bringing its level back to normal.
16. Check the efficiency of the brakes. The pedal should provide firm resistance when pressed - the feeling of its softness indicates the presence of air in the hydraulic circuits and the need to repeat the bleeding procedure.
Attention! Never start operating the vehicle without being absolutely sure that the brake system is functioning properly!