Pic. 19.1. Diagram of the 4G9 engine charging system
Pic. 19.2. Diagram of the 4G1 engine charging system
The charging system uses the power from the alternator to keep the battery charged regardless of changes in electrical load.
When the ignition key is turned to the ON position, the current passes through the rotor winding and the initial magnetization of the winding occurs (generator excitation).
When, after starting the engine, voltage is generated on the stator winding, the excitation winding (rotor) powered by the output current of the stator winding, rectified by diodes.
With an increase in the excitation current, the output voltage of the generator increases, and with a decrease in the excitation current, it drops.
When the battery voltage reaches the set value of 14.4 V, the excitation current is turned off.
When the battery voltage drops below a predetermined value, the voltage regulator, by controlling the field winding current, maintains the generator output voltage at a constant level.
In addition, when the excitation current is constant, the generator output voltage increases with increasing engine speed.