The inner ends of the drive shafts are equipped with sliding constant velocity joints, which provide angular and axial movement. Each inner joint consists of an inner cage, balls and a separator, as well as an outer cage (housing), in which the balls with separators can slide freely in and out when the drive shafts move up and down together with the wheel. The inner joints are disassemblable.
Each outer joint, consisting of balls rotating between the inner race and the outer separator, provides only angular movement. The outer joints are made non-separable and non-removable. If one of these joints breaks, it is necessary to replace the drive shaft together with the outer joint.
Periodically, it is necessary to check the condition of the covers, the absence of grease leaks and cracks. A damaged cover of the constant velocity joint must be replaced immediately to avoid damage to the joint. To replace the cover, you need to remove the drive shaft.
Note: Some shops offer "split" boots that can be installed without removing the drive shafts from the vehicle. This is very convenient. However, it is recommended to remove the drive shaft and disassemble and clean the constant velocity joint to remove any dirt that will accelerate wear on the joint. The most common signs of wear or damage to constant velocity joints, other than leaking grease, are intermittent clicking noises, knocking noises when accelerating from coasting, or vibration at high speeds.
To check the wear of the constant velocity joints and drive shafts, clamp each shaft (one at a time) and rotate it in both directions while holding the joint housings, look for play, which indicates wear on the splines or joints. Also check the drive shafts for cracks, dents, bends, or twisting.