All models equipped with a manual transmission use a single-plate dry clutch with a diaphragm spring. The hub of the driven (friction) clutch disk is equipped with longitudinal splines that engage with the splines of the gearbox primary shaft journal. The friction and pressure plates of the clutch are held in contact with each other by the force developed by the diaphragm spring of the pressure plate.
The clutch release drive can be carried out hydraulically or by means of a drive cable.
In the first case, the clutch pedal is connected to the master cylinder piston by means of a pusher, and when it is pressed, the hydraulic pressure in the system tract rises, the resulting effect of which is applied to the outer end of the clutch release lever via connecting lines through the slave cylinder. When the lever is turned, the fingers of its shaft rest against the release bearing, which, in turn, shifts, and is pressed against the petals of the diaphragm spring of the pressure plate in the clutch basket. Bending, the spring interrupts the contact of the pressure and driven disks, releasing the latter.
In the second case, the force exerted on the clutch pedal is transmitted to the release fork via a drive cable.
When servicing the clutch, in addition to replacing components that have obvious mechanical damage, it is necessary to perform some initial checks (assuming that the gearbox is in good condition):
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- a) First of all, the fluid level in the clutch master cylinder reservoir should be assessed (see Chapter Settings and ongoing maintenance). If necessary, make the appropriate adjustment by adding the required amount of hydraulic fluid and carefully inspect the system for signs of leaks. When emptying the master cylinder reservoir, it is necessary to remove air locks from the hydraulic circuit, then check the proper functioning of the clutch;
- b) To assess the clutch shift time, start the engine at normal idle speed. Make sure that the gear is in neutral and release the clutch pedal. Now depress the clutch pedal and, after waiting a few seconds, engage reverse gear. The shift should not cause grinding or other extraneous noises, which most likely indicate a faulty driven disc or clutch basket assembly;
- c) To check that the clutch is fully disengaged, apply the parking brake and start the engine. Keeping the clutch pedal about 13 mm above the floor, shift the transmission between first and reverse gears. If there is any interference when shifting the lever, this indicates a faulty clutch release mechanism component. Evaluate the stroke of the clutch slave cylinder pusher. When the pedal is fully depressed, the pusher should extend noticeably, otherwise, check the hydraulic fluid level in the master cylinder;
- d) Perform a visual inspection of the condition of the axle bushings at the top of the clutch pedal. Make sure there are no signs of jamming or excessive axle play;
- e) After getting under the vehicle, make sure that the clutch release lever is securely seated on the ball pin of the spherical support.